一． 酒廠污水特點

1、 Characteristics of brewery wastewater

污水比較復(fù)雜、主要為乙醇、戊醇、丙醇、丁醇、脂肪酸、氨基酸、酯、醛；

The wastewater is complex, mainly including ethanol, pentanol, propanol, butanol, fatty acids, amino acids, esters and aldehydes;

污水濃度高、釀酒在固態(tài)發(fā)酵、蒸餾過程中會產(chǎn)生不同濃度的污水，水質(zhì)濃度高、色度高；污水污染嚴重、污水可生化性好；污水混排、噸酒產(chǎn)污量大、污染嚴重的特點。

In the process of solid-state fermentation and distillation, different concentrations of wastewater will be produced, and the water quality has high concentration and high chroma; The pollution of sewage is serious and the biodegradability of sewage is good; It has the characteristics of mixed wastewater discharge, large amount of pollution per ton of liquor and serious pollution.

二． 酒廠污水處理方式

2、 Wastewater treatment methods of distillery

好氧處理法：

Aerobic treatment:

用好氧微生物降解物實現(xiàn)廢水處理，不產(chǎn)生帶臭味的物質(zhì)，處理時間短，適應(yīng)范圍廣，處理效率高；

Using aerobic microbial degradation products to realize wastewater treatment, there is no odor material, the treatment time is short, the application range is wide, and the treatment efficiency is high;

物理處理法：

Physical treatment method:

不投加藥劑，限度地減少污泥產(chǎn)生量，工藝簡單；

Without adding chemicals, the sludge production can be reduced to a certain extent, and the process is simple;

生化處理法：

Biochemical treatment method:

不該工藝，直接投加化學藥劑，操作簡單，并采取必要措施從而避免了產(chǎn)生二次污染，同時也實現(xiàn)達標排放處理。

It is easy to operate and take necessary measures to avoid the secondary pollution and achieve the standard discharge treatment.

酒廠廢水降低cod的方法:

The methods of reducing COD in distillery wastewater are as follows

1、在沉淀池前投加希潔COD降解劑；

1. Add Xijie COD degradation agent in front of sedimentation tank;

2、把藥劑溶解成10%的溶液；

2. Dissolve the reagent into 10% solution;

3、用提升泵，注入曝氣池中，根據(jù)自動檢測出來的出水數(shù)據(jù)而調(diào)節(jié)提升泵的頻率，既不會影響現(xiàn)場的工藝，又能更加活動性地控制COD總出水濃度，有效地將COD控制在80ppm以下。

3. The frequency of the lift pump can be adjusted according to the automatically detected effluent data, which will not affect the on-site process, and can control the total effluent concentration of COD more actively, and effectively control the COD below 80ppm.

白酒廢水除磷方法:

Phosphorus removal from Baijiu wastewater:

我國白酒生產(chǎn)大多數(shù)以高梁、小麥、玉米等作為原輔料，經(jīng)過四道基本工序釀制而成，即原料的預(yù)處理、糖化發(fā)酵、蒸餾出酒、裝瓶。這過程中會產(chǎn)生高濃度的含磷廢水，白酒廢水除磷方法一般分為生物法和化學法：

Most of the Baijiu production in China is made of sorghum, wheat and corn as raw materials, and is brewed by four basic processes, namely, raw materials pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation, distilling and bottling. In this process, high concentration phosphorus wastewater will be produced. The phosphorus removal methods of Baijiu liquor can be divided into biological and chemical methods.

(1)生物法：

(1) Biological method:

生物法除磷是指好氧型在一定條件下會對磷或者偏磷進行硝化分解，一部分磷會被微生物吸收，從而變?yōu)槲⑸镂勰?；另外一部分磷會被分解轉(zhuǎn)化為為正磷小分子，在后續(xù)處理中，還要繼續(xù)通過化學法將正磷小分子沉淀。從除磷效率來說，生物除磷法并不能把磷處理到低濃度，是因為微生物分解磷的能力有限，是磷殘余在微生物的體內(nèi)會因為新陳代謝而把磷排出。

Biological phosphorus removal means that under certain conditions, the aerobic type will decompose phosphorus or partial phosphorus by nitrification, and a part of phosphorus will be absorbed by microorganisms, thus becoming microbial sludge; Another part of phosphorus will be decomposed into small positive phosphorus molecules. In the subsequent treatment, small positive phosphorus molecules will continue to be precipitated by chemical method. From the perspective of phosphorus removal efficiency, biological phosphorus removal method can not treat phosphorus to low concentration, because the ability of microorganisms to decompose phosphorus is limited, and the phosphorus residue in the body of microorganisms will excrete phosphorus because of metabolism.

(2)化學沉淀法：

(2) Chemical precipitation method:

化學法除磷包括化學沉淀、離子交換、反滲透、電滲析等方法。以化學沉淀法應(yīng)用廣,后幾種方法因處理費用太高而難以使用。

Chemical phosphorus removal includes chemical precipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis. Chemical precipitation is widely used, but the latter methods are difficult to use because of the high cost.

一般來說，生物法能解決大部分的總磷，但不一定能完全降到排放標準以下且由于工藝老化、或者季節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)變氣溫降低等原因會出現(xiàn)總磷濃度超標而工藝降不下來的時候。這時就需要生物法和化學沉淀法結(jié)合使用！

Generally speaking, the biological method can solve most of the total phosphorus, but it may not be able to completely reduce to below the emission standard, and because of the aging process, or the seasonal change of air temperature and other reasons, the total phosphorus concentration will exceed the standard and the process can not be reduced. At this time, we need the combination of biological method and chemical precipitation method!

化學沉淀法即投加除磷劑，這種方法的優(yōu)勢有：

Chemical precipitation method is to add dephosphorization agent

1、無需增加高額工藝設(shè)備

1. No need to add high cost process equipment

2、無需停產(chǎn)改造

2. No need to stop production

3、投加具有強烈的靈活性，可以根據(jù)實際情況調(diào)整投加量，成本可控

3. It has strong flexibility to adjust the dosage according to the actual situation, and the cost is controllable

三．常見酒廠污水處理工藝流程圖

3、 Common distillery wastewater treatment process flow chart

四．酒廠污水處理設(shè)備特點

4、 Characteristics of wastewater treatment equipment in distillery

1、工藝完善、技術(shù)成熟、功能穩(wěn)定可靠，節(jié)約占地面積，減少了投資成本；

1. Perfect process, mature technology, stable and reliable function, saving floor area and reducing investment cost;

2、酒廠污水處理設(shè)備系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的污泥量少，避免污染轉(zhuǎn)移，節(jié)省運行費用和污泥的處理費用；

2. The amount of sludge produced by the wastewater treatment equipment system of the distillery is small, which avoids pollution transfer and saves operation cost and sludge treatment cost;

3、酒廠污水處理設(shè)備自動化程度高，不需專人值守，只需對設(shè)備及配件定期維護，真正做到有水運行，無水停止，自動控制進水流量；對風機實現(xiàn)自動控制，根據(jù)好氧反應(yīng)池內(nèi)溶解氧濃度控制風機的運行或停止；

3. The wastewater treatment equipment of the distillery is highly automated, so there is no need for special person to be on duty. It only needs to maintain the equipment and accessories regularly, so that it can really operate with water, stop without water, and automatically control the inflow flow; The automatic control of the fan is realized, and the operation or stop of the fan is controlled according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic reaction tank;

4、酒廠污水處理設(shè)備設(shè)備運行穩(wěn)定，處理效率高；

4. The operation of wastewater treatment equipment is stable and the treatment efficiency is high;

5、酒廠污水處理設(shè)備不受污水量的限制，機動靈活，可單個使用，也可多個聯(lián)合使用，為后期改擴建、標準提升，提供方便

5. The wastewater treatment equipment of the distillery is not limited by the amount of wastewater. It is flexible and can be used individually or in combination. It provides convenience for later reconstruction and expansion and standard improvement