一、設備簡介

1、 Equipment introduction

軟水處理設備是采用離子交換原理，去除水中鈣、鎂等結垢離子，通常由控制器、樹脂罐、鹽罐組成的一體化設備。其控制器可選用自動沖洗控制器，手動沖洗控制器。自動控制器可自動完成軟水、反洗、再生、正洗及鹽業(yè)箱自動補水全部工作的循環(huán)過程。樹脂罐可選用玻璃鋼罐、炭鋼罐或不銹鋼罐。鹽罐主要裝備鹽用于樹脂胞和后的再生。

Soft water treatment equipment is an integrated equipment, which uses the principle of ion exchange to remove calcium, magnesium and other scaling ions in water, and is usually composed of controller, resin tank and salt tank. The controller can choose automatic flushing controller and manual flushing controller. The automatic controller can automatically complete the cycle process of soft water, backwashing, regeneration, washing and automatic water supplement of salt tank. The resin can be made of FRP, carbon steel or stainless steel. The salt tank is mainly equipped with salt for regeneration of resin cell and resin.

軟水器的工作過程，一般由下列幾個步驟循環(huán)組成：反洗、吸鹽（再生）、慢沖洗（置換）、快沖洗五個過程。不同軟化水設備的工序非常接近，只是由于實際工藝的不同或控制的需要，可能會有一些附加的流程。以鈉離子交換為基礎的軟化水設備都是在這五個流程的基礎上發(fā)展來。

The working process of water softener generally consists of the following steps: backwashing, salt absorption (regeneration), slow flushing (replacement) and fast flushing. The process of different water softening equipment is very close, but there may be some additional processes due to the different actual process or the need of control. The softened water equipment based on sodium ion exchange is developed on the basis of these five processes.

二、設備原理

2、 Equipment principle

由于水的硬度主要由鈣、鎂形成及表示，故一般采用陽離子交換樹脂(軟水器)，將水中的Ca2+、Mg2+（形成水垢的主要成份）置換出來，隨著樹脂內Ca2+、Mg2+的增加，樹脂去除Ca2+、Mg2+的效能逐漸降低。

Because the hardness of water is mainly formed and expressed by calcium and magnesium, cation exchange resin (water softener) is generally used to replace Ca2 + and Mg2 + (the main component of scale formation) in water. With the increase of Ca2 + and Mg2 + in the resin, the efficiency of removing Ca2 + and Mg2 + by resin gradually decreases.

當樹脂吸收一定量的鈣鎂離子之后，就必須進行再生，再生過程就是用鹽箱中的食鹽水沖洗樹脂層，把樹脂上的硬度離子在置換出來，隨再生廢液排出罐外，樹脂就又恢復了軟化交換功能。

When the resin absorbs a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, it must be regenerated. The regeneration process is to wash the resin layer with salt water in the salt tank, replace the hardness ions on the resin, and discharge the regenerated waste liquid out of the tank, so that the resin can restore the softening exchange function.

由于水的硬度主要由鈣、鎂形成及表示由于水的硬度主要由鈣、鎂形成及表示鈉離子交換軟化處理的原理是將原水通過鈉型陽離子交換樹脂，使水中的硬度成分Ca2+、Mg2+與樹脂中的Na+相交換，從而吸附水中的Ca2+、Mg2+，使水得到軟化。如以RNa代表鈉型樹脂，其交換過程如下：

Because the hardness of water is mainly formed and expressed by calcium and magnesium, because the hardness of water is mainly formed by calcium and magnesium and expressed by sodium ion exchange, the principle of softening treatment is to exchange the hardness components Ca2 + and Mg2 + in the water with Na + in the resin by passing the raw water through sodium type cation exchange resin, so as to absorb Ca2 + and Mg2 + in the water and soften the water. If RNA is used as sodium resin, the exchange process is as follows:

2RNa + Ca2+ = R2Ca + 2Na+

2RNa + Ca2+ = R2Ca + 2Na+

2RNa + Mg2+ = R2Mg + 2Na+

2RNa + Mg2+ = R2Mg + 2Na+

即水通過鈉離子交換器后，水中的Ca+、Mg+被置換成Na+。

That is, after the water passes through the sodium ion exchanger, Ca + and Mg + in the water are replaced by Na +.

一般控制閥的運行流程為：運行、反洗、吸鹽、慢洗、鹽箱補水、正洗。

The operation process of general control valve is as follows: operation, backwashing, salt absorption, slow washing, salt tank make-up and forward washing.

三、技術參數

3、 Technical parameters

產水量： 根據需要訂制（1T/H~1000T/H）

Water production: customized (1t / H ~ 1000t / h)

1. 原水硬度≤6［H＋］mmol／L，即300mg／L（以CaCO3計）；當原水硬度在6--12［H＋］mmol／L時，建議采用兩級軟化或適當降低出水產量，

1. Raw water hardness ≤ 6 [H +] mmol / L, i.e. 300mg / L (based on CaCO3); When the hardness of raw water is 6-12 [H +] mmol / L, it is suggested to adopt two-stage softening or reduce the output of effluent properly,

當原水硬度≥12［H＋］mmol／L時建議采用多級軟化或聯系我公司工程技術部重新進行設計。

When the hardness of raw water is greater than or equal to 12 [H +] mmol / L, it is suggested to adopt multi-stage softening or contact the Engineering Technology Department of our company for redesign.

2. 出水硬度：≤0.03［H＋］mmol／L（以CaCO3計）；

2. Effluent hardness: ≤ 0.03 [H +] mmol / L (based on CaCO3);

3. 工作壓力：0.20--0.50Mpa

3. Working pressure: 0.20-0.50mpa

4. 工作溫度：2--49℃；

4. Working temperature: 2-49 ℃;

5. 原水濁度：＜5NTU；

5. Turbidity of raw water: < 5ntu;

6. 系統(tǒng)水耗：＜2％；

6. System water consumption: < 2%;

7. 再生鹽耗：120—180g／l樹脂（一般可取160g／l樹脂）；

7. Recycled salt consumption: 120-180g / L resin (generally 160g / L resin);

8. 工作電源：AC220V，50Hz，單相三線制；

8. Working power supply: AC220 V, 50 Hz, single phase three wire system;

9. 工作電耗：＜10W；

9. Working power consumption: < 10W;